Nursultan Nazarbayev
President Bypass kyzmeti / YouTube
Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
The Senate Of The Parliament Of The Republic Of Kazakhstan / YouTube
The head of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev gave up his presidential powers. “I made the decision to stop his powers as President,” he said, speaking live on the national television with appeal to people. Nazarbayev was the last incumbent President, who took office in the Soviet era. He also became the record for the longest reign among the political leaders in the former Soviet Union.
“This year marks 30 years of my tenure as Supreme leader of our country. I was awarded the great honor of my great nation to become the first President of independent Kazakhstan”, – said Nazarbayev. His words leads TASS.
However, he said he will remain Chairman of the security Council of Kazakhstan. “Until the end of his days will be with you, will serve”, – said Nazarbayev.
On 15 February the constitutional Council of Kazakhstan has provided clarifications on appeal of state on the interpretation of paragraph 3 of article 42 of the Constitution on the list of grounds for early termination of powers of the President. In the opinion of the Council, of the basic law entails the right of the head of state to resign.
To perform the duties of the President until the election of the President will be the speaker of the Senate Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, reports RIA “Novosti”. “According to the legislation in the event of termination of powers of the President his duties shall be the speaker of the Senate. Then there will be presidential elections”, – quotes “Interfax” the words of Nazarbayev, who this year marks 79 years.
“Near me he (Tokayev. – Approx. TASS) works with the first days of Kazakhstan’s independence. I know him well. He is an honest man, responsible and obligatory. Fully supports the policies within the country and outside. All programs were developed and adopted with his participation. I believe that Tokayev is the person to whom we can entrust the management of Kazakhstan”, – the statement says Nazarbayev.
Tokaev graduated from Moscow state University, has a PhD, is fluent in English and Chinese. According to the President, his successor “has come a long way in leadership positions of the Republic, was foreign Minister in the formative years of foreign policy of the country, worked as Deputy Prime Minister and Prime Minister, the President of the Senate”. The former President stressed that Tokayev “knows the country, its economy and politics.” He also worked as a Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Nursultan Nazarbayev was among the opponents of the Soviet collapse. It, as an able Manager, even predicted the place of the head of the Soviet government. According to some, the signatories of the Belavezha accords in December 1991 does not specifically invited Nazarbayev for fear that his negative attitude to the liquidation of the Union can stop the plans. In the end, Nazarbayev is already a fait accompli.
1 December 1991, Kazakhstan held the first national presidential elections in which Nazarbayev received 98.7% of votes.
16 December 1991, after the Belavezha accords, the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR adopted the Law on the state independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the country was renamed the Republic of Kazakhstan, and Nazarbayev became the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Over the years, Nazarbayev was re-elected five times to the position of President. The last time was in 2015, and voted for him of 97.75% of the voters.
Nazarbayev has managed to avoid large-scale ethnic conflicts in the country. The Kazakh leader, unlike many of its neighbors, did not build a state on the wave of anti-Russian sentiment and was always a consistent supporter of integration projects in the former Soviet Union. The economy of Kazakhstan is one of the best indicators in the former USSR.
As in many post-Soviet countries, especially in Central Asia, the political system of Kazakhstan is tied to the figure of the first person. That is why many experts are constantly wondering what will happen to the country after the departure of Nazarbayev.
“First and only” President
Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev was born July 6, 1940 in the village Chemolgan Kaskelen district, Alma-ATA region of the Kazakh SSR in the family of farmers. He was an engineer-Metallurgist, and in 1976 he graduated from the correspondence Higher party school under the Central Committee (CC) of the CPSU.
From 1962 to August 1991, Nazarbayev was a member of the Communist party.
In 1984, Nursultan Nazarbayev, was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Kazakh SSR. He headed the government of the Federal Republic until 1989.
June 22, 1989, Nazarbayev was elected first Secretary of the Communist party of Kazakhstan, succeeding Gennady Kolbin. At the same time from February to April 1990, Nursultan Nazarbayev was Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR.
In 1990-1991, Nazarbayev became a member of the Politburo. He was also a Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 10th, 11th convocations (1979-1989), Deputy of the USSR (1989-1992).
On April 24, 1990 the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR adopted the law on the establishment of the post of the President of Kazakhstan and was elected President Nursultan Nazarbayev head of the Republic.
In 1991, Nursultan Nazarbayev participated in the negotiation of the Union Treaty, which was supposed to replace the Soviet Union, a new Federation of sovereign States. The signing of the document was derailed by the coup attempt in the Soviet Union (the so-called “August coup”), organized by the state Committee for emergency (GKCHP). 14 November of the same year Chapter seven Soviet republics, including President Nursultan Nazarbayev, and the President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev agreed to sign 9 Dec new Union Treaty.
On December 1, 1991 Nursultan Nazarbayev was elected President of Kazakhstan in the first national election, which was held unopposed.
On December 8, 1991, on the eve of the scheduled signing of the Union Treaty, the leaders of Ukraine, Russia and Belarus at the meeting in the estate Viskuli (Belovezhskaya Pushcha, Belarus) said that the negotiations on the preparation of the document “deadlocked”, and concluded the agreement on creation of Commonwealth of Independent States. In the preamble of the agreement contained a provision stating that the Soviet Union ceases to exist.
Nursultan Nazarbayev at a meeting in Viskuli was not present, despite the invitation of the President of RSFSR Boris Yeltsin. However, on 13 December in Ashgabat together with the heads of the Central Asian republics signed a statement of support for the Belavezha accords.
December 16, 1991 was proclaimed the independence of Kazakhstan. December 21 on the initiative of Nazarbayev in Almaty hosted a meeting of the heads of 11 former Soviet republics (except Georgia and the Baltic countries), during which they signed a Declaration on accession to CIS.
On April 29, 1995 by referendum the powers of Nursultan Nazarbayev were extended until 2000 7 October 1998 the Parliament made in the fundamental law a number of amendments, therefore it was decided to hold early presidential elections. On January 10, 1999, Nursultan Nazarbayev was re-elected head of state (low of 79.78%). Reelected on December 4, 2005, by dialing 91.15 percent of votes.
May 21, 2007 the Constitution was amended, giving the right to Nursultan Nazarbayev as the first President to run for President an unlimited number of times. Subsequently, on April 3, 2011 and April 26, 2015 – he was re-elected to the highest position with a score of 95.55% of 97.75%.
12 Jul 2018 entered into force the law “On the security Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan”, which established the right of the first President of the Republic Nursultan Nazarbayev to life to head the security Council of the country.
Nursultan Nazarbayev is the Supreme commander of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan (may 1992). He also heads the party “Nur Otan” (“Fatherland Light”).
15 may 2010 the Parliament of Kazakhstan adopted the constitutional law on the delegation of President Nursultan Nazarbayev the status of leader of the nation (Kazakh. – elbasy). The President, the document is not signed, but has not returned it to Parliament for re-discussion. Under the law, a law not submitted to Parliament within 10 days, it is considered signed. The document came into force on 14 June 2010 the Status of leader of the nation, in particular, provides Nursultan Nazarbayev and his family immunity for the violation of which are punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term up to five years. For defacing images of the leader of the nation, public insult and distortion of the facts of his biography provides a fine or deprivation of liberty for a term of one to three years.
Nursultan Nazarbayev-Chairman of the management Board of national welfare Fund “Samruk-Kazyna”, head of the Assembly of people of Kazakhstan, world Association of the Kazakhs.
Nursultan Nazarbayev has about 30 top awards 25 States and over 200 awards of various public organizations and associations. He was awarded the highest title of Kazakhstan “Halyk Kaharmany” (“national hero”; 2011).
Nazarbayev is a member of the National Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, Academy of social Sciences of the Russian Federation, an honorary member of the Belarusian Academy of Sciences. He also carries the title of honorary Professor and doctor of a number of higher educational institutions, including the Kazakh state national University named after al-Farabi, Moscow state University. M. V. Lomonosov, MGIMO, the University of Cambridge.
Nursultan Nazarbayev has three daughters. Wife of ex-President Sara Nazarbayeva heads the international children’s charity Fund “Bobek” Fund “SOS – children’s villages of Kazakhstan”. The eldest daughter, Dariga Nazarbayeva – doctor of political Sciences, Chairman of the Committee of the Senate of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan for international relations, defense and security. Daughter Dinara Kulibayev – Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Kazakh-British technical University. The third daughter, Aliya Nazarbayeva is the head of a construction company “Elitstroy”.
In honor of President Nazarbayev, was named the parks, streets, schools in Kazakhstan, Jordan, Turkey, Ingushetia and Chechnya. Kazakhstan has repeatedly proposed to rename the Republic’s capital in honor of Nazarbayev. The latest such initiative was announced in November 2016 member of Parliament Kuanysh Sultanov.
Monuments and bas-reliefs of the head of Kazakhstan established in Almaty and Astana (Kazakhstan), Cholpon-ATA (Kyrgyzstan), Ankara (Turkey), Dneprodzerzhinsk (Ukraine). It is named after one of the state awards of Kazakhstan, the top of the small Almaty spur of Zailiyskiy Alatau – Nursultan peak (formerly peak Komsomol).
In 2011-2016, to screen out four of the film epic “Way of leader” Rustem Directors Abdrashov and Sergey Snezhkin, dedicated to the life of the President of Kazakhstan.